![]() ![]() More measures are needed to solve these problems: promoting lifelong learning, adapting the education system to the requirements of the current labor market, ensuring the transition from school to work and from one job to another, ensuring non-discriminatory access to places available work without discrimination. For example, young people whose parents lost their jobs in previous economic crises are more affected by unemployment. Compared to youth unemployment in the 1980s, current youth unemployment is characterized by a long-term trend of rising unemployment among certain categories of young people (O’Reilly et al., 2015). In the long-run, the consequences of lack of a job among young people are related to reduced income for life, increased likelihood of unemployment in the coming periods, but also the chances of employment only for a short period, which can lead to poor health, low standard of living and a decrease in satisfaction due to professional achievements (Bell & Blanchflower, 2011). The consequences of youth unemployment are related to lower living standards (Mousteri et al., 2020), financial difficulties and psychological stress (Michaelides et al., 2019), lower wages after employment (Helbling et al., 2019), lower probability labor market insertion (Abebe & Hyggen, 2019) and greater propensity to engage in fraudulent activities (Dvouletý et al., 2019). Therefore, they are more susceptible to dismissal or reduced working time, which prevents them from entering the labor market or puts them at risk of long-term unemployment. The explanations could be related to the fact that these young people tend to work more in sectors that have reduced their activity during the pandemic, have temporary contracts or work in precarious working conditions. NEET ("Not in Education, Employment, or Training") young people were among the most affected people by the Great Recession from 2008 to 2013, and the effects of epidemic on them are expected to be even stronger. The Eurofound survey conducted in April-June 2020 to assess the impact of Covid-19 epidemic on young people in the EU revealed significant declines in well-being and the fact that young people are the category most affected by job losses. Structural changes refer to the segmentation of the labor market, poor performance in education, the reduced capacity of the public sector to provide jobs for young people. These high unemployment rates in Spain are explained not only by economic causes (eg., economic crises), but also by structural changes. ![]() This country has registered higher values for youth unemployment rate compared to European average in the last decade. High levels of youth unemployment in Spain are the main problem for this age group, which this country needs to alleviate through national policies. The recent economic crisis and the Covid-19 pandemic have deepened this social tension at national and regional level. Unemployment is a crucial issue for Spain. ![]()
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